Measuring the Knowledge Base
نویسندگان
چکیده
SUMMARY In a reflection of new developments in science and society, Gibbons et al. (1994) proposed to make a distinction between " Mode 2 " and " Mode 1 " types of knowledge production. Whereas " Mode 1 " refers to the traditional shape of science, largely confined within institutional settings, " Mode 2 " is communication driven. Organized knowledge production can then be considered as the codification of communication. Communications leave traces that can be studied as indicators. Institutions can be considered as retention mechanisms functional for the reproduction of ever more complex, that is, scientific and knowledge-based, communications.
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